At Cold War's End: US Intelligence on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, 1989-1991

The Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI) of the Central Intelligence Agency and the George W. Bush Center for Presidential Studies at Texas A&M University co-sponsored a conference on "US Intelligence and the End of the Cold War" on the Texas A&M University campus at College Station from 18 to 20 November 1999.  As a contribution to the conference, CSI prepared a compendium of newly declassified US intelligence documents covering the years 1989-1991.  This period encompassed events in the USSR and Eastern Europe that transformed the postwar world and much of the 20th century's geopolitical landscape.  It was a time when the tempo of history accelerated so rapidly that, as one historian put it, events seemed to be moving beyond human control, if not human comprehension.  Benjamin B. Fischer of CIA's History Staff selected, edited, and wrote the preface to the National Intelligence Estimates and other intelligence assessments included in this companion volume.  In conjunction with the conference, the Intelligence Community will release to the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) the records reprinted in this compendium and those listed in the Appendix.  The declassification and release of these documents marks a new stage in the CIA's commitment to openness.  The Agency has only rarely declassified and made available to the public and to scholars Cold War records of such recent vintage.  The new release complements and supplements the previous declassification of more than 550 National Intelligence Estimates (NIEs) and Special National Intelligence Estimates (SNIEs) on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe from 1946 to 1985.  CIA continues to review and declassify finished intelligence on these countries.  These records are available at NARA's Archives II facility in College Park, Maryland, in Records Group 263 (Central Intelligence Agency Records).  Two of the documents reprinted in this volume originated with CIA's Office of Soviet Analysis (SOVA).  Both have been cited in accounts of US-Soviet relations during the Bush administration and have been discussed elsewhere.  The complete texts appear here for the first time.  Mr. Fischer tried to identify and release the most important analysis available for this period.  His selection is comprehensive.  Some of the documents, especially those on military-strategic subjects, were only partially declassified, since they contain data from still-sensitive sources and methods.  Readers should understand, however, that even the portions reprinted here contain information that until recently was highly classified.  We want to note, in addition, that we have selected only estimates and assessments prepared during the Bush administration.  We realize that, in some cases, estimates and other forms of finished intelligence issued before 1989 may have addressed some of the same issues and even reached some of the same conclusions as those that came later, but our focus is exclusively on what was written during 1989-1991.  Mr. Fischer and I would like to thank all those responsible for making this compendium and the conference possible.  Above all, we would like to thank former President George Bush and his staff for enthusiastically endorsing the conference and Director of Central Intelligence George J. Tenet for his support and cooperation.  We also would like to thank CIA's Executive Director, David W. Carey, for his assistance in releasing the documents.  Closer to home, we want to thank CIA's Office of Information Management, headed by Edmund Cohen, and in particular James Oliver, chief of the Historical Review Program, Howard Stoertz, John Vogel, and James Noren.  We also would like to thank readers who took the time to examine this volume in draft and to make comments, and Michael Warner, Deputy Chief of the History Staff, who worked closely with us on this project.             Gerald K. Haines             Chief Historian             September 1999

History

Central Intelligence Agency

Center for the Study of Intelligence

Military

Military Bookshop

CIA's Analysis of the Soviet Union 1947-1991: A Documentary Collection

The Agency and the Hill: CIA's Relationship with Congress, 1946-2004

Contains a study of the CIA's relationship with Congress. It encompasses the period from the creation of the Agency until 2004, the era of the DCIs, the Directors of Central Intelligence. Includes black and white photographs, an index, and a bibliography.

Biographies & Memoirs

Snider, L. Britt

True Crime

www.Militarybookshop.Co.UK

During its 15 years of existence, OSR played a key role in providing in-depth military analysis and current intelligence reporting to senior policymakers on a variety of national security issues. These included the strategic military threats posed by the Soviet Bloc and Communist China, arms control measures and treaty verification, and various regional military conflicts and crises. The office grew to become one of the largest and most productive in the DI, and its leadership drew some of the Agency's best and brightest. Many of OSR's managers would subsequently hold some of the highest positions in CIA and the Intelligence Community (IC), and CIA's strategic military analysis would continue to play an important policy support role through the end of the Cold War.

The History of CIA's Office of Strategic Research, 1967-81

Vickers, Robert

Cia Central Intelligence Agency

This anthology was prepared as a contribution to Department of Defense-led interagency efforts to commemorate the passing of 50 years since the large-scale engagement of the military forces of the United States and other countries in defending the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) against communist guerrilla, mainforce, and North Vietnamese Army units. For CIA, and many members of the US military, engagement in South Vietnam began well before what is marked as the beginning of the 50th anniversary commemoration, 1965. As the 41 articles selected by CIA historian Clayton Laurie for this anthology will show, Southeast Asia was the focus of CIA activity as long ago as the early 1950s, when it was directed to provide support to French efforts to maintain control of its colony of Indochina.

CIA and the Wars in Southeast Asia, 1974-75

Laurie, Clayton D.

Asia

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