During the 1960s, an important find of a group of Viking ships occasioned the building of a new conservation plant of large proportions. This, coupled with a dissatisfaction with previous conservation methods led to the adoption of new methods for caring for waterlogged wooden remains. The methodologies developed are described in this book. English, with Danish Resume.

The Conservation of Waterlogged Wood in the National Museum of Denmark (Museumstekniske Studier: Studies in Museum Technology)

Christensen, B. Brorson

Reference

Viking Ship Museum

Half a century ago, archaeology entered a new field of work with the excavation of ancient ships found under water. A new discipline emerged: maritime archaeology. In this book, Ole Crumlin-Pedersen, the Danish pioneer of maritime archaeology, gives a fascinating overview of more than forty of years of work. Beginning with the natural conditions for seafaring, the author explains the evolution of basic water craft into those plank-built, sail-carrying ships which enabled the seaborne activities of the Viking Age and the following medieval periods, concluding with case studies of the maritime cultural landscape of Roskilde Fjord and the ship as symbol. The themes of this volume were first presented in six Rhind Lectures for the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland in Edinburgh in 2008. Table of Contents Foreword (Barbara Crawford &amp; Tinna Damgård-Sørensen); Introduction; I. Studying The Archaeology of Maritime Cultures; The seafarer’s geographical framework; What defines a maritime culture?; The potentials of waterlogged sites; Studying maritime archaeology; The ship; Some aspects of Danish maritime archaeology; Hydrography and shipping lanes; A national and international research programme; The Danish situation; Other ship finds; The Centre for Maritime Archaeology in Roskilde; Publications; Two examples; Hjortspring, a large Pre-Roman war canoe; The history of Skuldelev 2, a Dublin-built 11th–century longship; Shipbuilding resources and craftsmanship; Sea trials and voyages I I. Boats and Ships Before AD 800; Wood technology and tools; The ethnographical evidence for basic boatbuilding concepts and materials; Skin/hide boats; Bark boats; Logboats; Expanded logboats; Outriggers and composite logboats; Plank boats; The archaeological evidence; Mesolithic boats; Neolithic and Bronze-Age logboats; Bronze-Age logboat-based complex vessels; The Dover boat; The Ferriby boats and the Brigg craft; The concepts of the Bronze-Age boats; Romano-Celtic vessels; Nordic ship images; Hjortspring; Expanded boats; Nydam; Roman influence; Sutton Hoo; Paddles, oars, sail; From Nydam to the Vikings III. Anglo–Saxon and Scandinavian Longships; The origin of longship concept; Maritime expertise; The source groups; Four conceptual approaches; The vessels of Franks and Frisians; The ships of Britain and Ireland; Ships of Scandinavia and the Baltic area; Viking longships; The Hedeby I longship; The Skuldelev 5 ship; Roskilde 6, a royal longship at the doorstep of the Viking Ship Museum; The Puck longship; The ship as a status object; Names for the ship types; Longships in Central and Southern Europe; Conclusion; The aftermath of the longship period IV. The Ships of Viking–Age and Medieval Traders and Settlers; The world of the Vikings; Sutton Hoo; The introduction of the sail; Viking expansion, loot or trade?; The early Viking phase, c. 700–840; Trade and early centres; Ribe, the first Danish town?; The middle Viking phase, c. 840–950; The early Christian mission; Vikings in the West; Scandinavian settlement in Scotland and Ireland Ships and boats in Scotland; Othere’s voyages; Wulfstan’s voyage; The late Viking phase, 950–1100; State formation and control of the shipping lanes; The North Atlantic route; Skuldelev 1, a medium-sized Norwegian knorr; Skuldelev 3, a small Danish byrding; Hedeby 3, a large Danish knorr; Scandinavian ships of the period 1100–1250; The Baltic expansion; Large clinker-built cargo ships; Small vessels; Other high–and late–medieval ship types; The early cogs; Later cogs; The hulc; British high–and late–medieval ships; Conclusion V. The Maritime Cultural Landscpae; The Skuldelev example; Routes across land and sea; Roskilde Fjord; An ancient cultural landscape; Skuldelev fieldwork; Reconstruction of the paleo-landscape; Early warning systems – a hypothetical reconstruction; Lejre – Roskilde – Copenhagen; The coast as a contact zone along the Roskilde Fjord VI. The Ship as Symbol in the Scandinavian Iron Age and Viking Period; Ship representations in several media; Traditional interpretations; Criteria for boat graves; ‘Rich’ graves with ships and boats; ‘Ordinary’ grave boats; The Slusegård cemetery; Grave 1072; The Slusegaard boat graves in general; Male and female graves; The interpretation of the boat grave custom; The two families of gods; Skidbladnir; The confrontation with the Christian mission; Sutton Hoo; Oseberg; Large stone ships; Transition to Christianity; The source value of icons; Summary of the evidence from boat graves and stone ships; The Valhalla myth; King Scyld and the Beowulf poem; Bibliography; About the author; Index

Archaeology and the Sea in Scandinavia and Britain: A Personal Account (Maritime Culture of the North)

History

Crumlin-Pedersen, Ole

Europe

This book documents the Innuit use of the kayak and umiak boats. The kayak was predominantly a hunting boat, used for long voyages, usually up rivers and streams. The umaik, by contrast, was for hunting and travelling, and was often taken whale-hunting off the north coast of Alaska. The book is divided into two sections - one for each boat type - and is lavishly illustrated throughout.

Skinboats of Greenland (Ships & Boats of the North)

Pedersen, H. C.

Americas

Aspects of Maritime Scandinavia AD 200-1200

The reconstructed longship Sea Stallion from Glendalough sailed from Roskilde to Dublin and back in the summers of 2007 and 2008, with an international volunteer crew of 60 men and women. The first results of this extraordinary voyage on the track of the Vikings are now available. This volume gives an account of the methodological considerations behind a trial voyage as experimental archaeology. The course of the voyage is mapped out historically, based on the weather conditions and the waters navigated. The book provides a fascinating insight into the issues involved in the reconstruction of the ship's steering system, a description of life on board and the experiences of handling a longship, including its travel speed and sailing capabilities.

Thoroughbred of the Sea: The Sea Stallion from Glendalough: Trial Voyage with a Longship

Damgard-Sorensen, Tinna

Twenty seven essays on early medieval ships in literature, rock art and graffiti, what they were like to sail, and their use for trade, and their role in the growth of ports.

Shipshape: Essays for Ole Crumlin Pedersen

Madsen, Torsten

Reick, Flemming

Olsen, Olaf

Ships and shipbuilding were important elements of Viking culture and a precondition for trade, warfare and conquest. The important excavations at the Viking towns of Hedeby and Schleswig-Holstein revealed a rich body of finds of wrecks and parts of ships. This is a report on this material and also examines the role of the towns as ports and the role of trading in their development.

Viking-Age Ships and Shipbuilding in Hedeby (Ships & Boats of the North)

Jukungs are boats that are constructed over hollowed out and expanded tree trunks, before being crafted by boatbuilders into a variety of sizes, from simple small baots to large passenger-ferries. Erik Pedersen, an architect, became interested in these boats while living in Borneo, and has here collected a unique body of material on these fascinating vessels.

Jukung-Boats from the Barito Basin, Borneo

Petersen, Erik

World

The Sea Stallion from Glendalough is the nearest that we can come today to experiencing a complete longship from the time when this type of ship reached its peak of design. At the same time the ship is an experiment. Here is documented an experiement between the reconstructed ship and the forces of nature to understand the prerequisites for the expansion of territory in the Viking Age.

Welcome on Board! The Sea Stallion from Glendalough]: A Viking Longship Recreated

Bill, Jan

This compilation of 13 papers by scholars from Ireland, England and Denmark, consider the extent and nature of Viking influence in Ireland. Created in close association with exhibitions held at the National Musem of Ireland in 1998-99 and at the National Ship Museum in Roskilde in 2001, the papers discuss aspects of religion, art, literature and placenames, towns and society, drawing together thoughts on the exchange of culture and ideas in Viking Age Ireland and the extent to which existing identities were maintained, lost or assimilated.

The Vikings in Ireland

Larsen, Anne-Christine

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Books by Viking Ship Museum