The Indo-Europeans: Archaeology, Language, Race, and the Search for the Origins of the West

The existence of an Indo-European linguistic family, allowing for the fact that several languages widely dispersed across Eurasia share numerous traits, has been demonstrated for several centuries now. But the underlying factors for this shared heritage have been fiercely debated by linguists, historians, archaeologists, and anthropologists. The leading theory, of which countless variations exist, argues that this similarity is best explained by the existence, at one given point in time and space, of a common language and corresponding population. This ancient, prehistoric, population would then have diffused across Eurasia, eventually leading to the variation observed in historical and modern times. The Indo-Europeans: Archaeology, Language, Race, and the Search for the Origins of the West argues that despite its acceptance and use by most researchers from different disciplines, such a model is inherently flawed. This book describes how, beginning in the late eighteenth century, Europeans began a quest for a supposed original homeland, from which a small conquering people would one day spread out, bringing their language to Europe and parts of Asia (India, Iran, Afghanistan). This quest was often closely tied to ideological preoccupations and it was in its name that the Nazi leadership, claiming for the Germans the status of the purest Indo-Europeans (or Aryans), waged genocide. The last part of the book summarizes the current state of knowledge and current hypotheses in the fields of linguistics, archaeology, comparative mythology, and genetics. The culmination of three decades of research, this book offers a sweeping survey of the historiography of the Indo-European debate and poses a devastating challenge to the Indo-European origin story at its roots.

History

Demoule, Jean-Paul

Ancient Civilizations

Oxford University Press

The existence of an Indo-European linguistic family, allowing for the fact that several languages widely dispersed across Eurasia share numerous traits, has been demonstrated for several centuries now. But the underlying factors for this shared heritage have been fiercely debated by linguists, historians, archaeologists, and anthropologists. The leading theory, of which countless variations exist, argues that this similarity is best explained by the existence, at one given point in time and space, of a common language and corresponding population. This ancient, prehistoric, population would then have diffused across Eurasia, eventually leading to the variation observed in historical and modern times.\nThe Indo-Europeans: Archaeology, Language, Race, and the Search for the Origins of the West argues that despite its acceptance and use by most researchers from different disciplines, such a model is inherently flawed. This book describes how, beginning in the late eighteenth century, Europeans began a quest for a supposed original homeland, from which a small conquering people would one day spread out, bringing their language to Europe and parts of Asia (India, Iran, Afghanistan). This quest was often closely tied to ideological preoccupations and it was in its name that the Nazi leadership, claiming for the Germans the status of the purest Indo-Europeans (or Aryans), waged genocide. The last part of the book summarizes the current state of knowledge and current hypotheses in the fields of linguistics, archaeology, comparative mythology, and genetics. The culmination of three decades of research, this book offers a sweeping survey of the historiography of the Indo-European debate and 
poses a devastating challenge to the Indo-European origin story at its roots.

Origin and Evolution of Languages: Approaches, Models, Paradigms

Origin and Evolution of Languages has a strong interdisciplinary flavor designed to highlight the true complexity of the debates in the field. Many of the models and theories conjectured can only receive their validation from a convergence of arguments developed across disciplines. The book underscores this dimension by including contribution from disciplines that have been wary, traditionally, of extending beyond their borders: linguistics (different branches thereof), philosophy, history and prehistory, archaeology, anthropology, genetics and computer-modelling. The presentation is intended to encompass both the agreements and disjunctures characteristic of the field and insisted on laying open propositions that clearly differ from, and even enter into contradiction with, one another. While several teams of researchers active in the fields of genetics, linguistics, anthropology and archaeology have come up with new proposals in favor of the 'New Synthesis,' many competing hypotheses and models continue to be explored in areal linguistics, language contact, wave-like diffusion. On the anthropological scene, criticisms of the monogenetic model have set up new debates and counter-arguments. Approaching the issue of the origin and evolution of human languages within a Darwinian paradigm remains problematic. On the archaeological scene, not all reconstructions are proving compatible with current models for the circulation of techniques, myths and cultures. On the linguistic scene, raising again the issue of the origin / evolution of humankind and of languages in an evolutionary, cognitive, social and cultural perspective or in terms of generational transmission and acquisition, may induce a reconsideration of linguistic theories in search of universals as well as most theories of change and variation. All contributors are world-renowned experts in their domain.

Politics & Social Sciences

Anthropology

Equinox Publishing

Reference

Foreign Language Study & Reference

University of Toronto Press

D?un vase anthropomorphe du VIe millénaire à la Femme vase de Picasso, une évocation des métamorphoses de la figure féminine en Occident (Europe et civilisations de la Méditerranée). Sacralisée et diabolisée, la femme est déesse, magicienne, mère et vierge, à l?instar d?Astarté et de son homologue grecque Artémis, déesse de la virginité, en même temps Sélénè qui préside aux accouchements, Hécate aux maléfices... Au fil de son évolution, chaque civilisation redécouvre la pure beauté sensuelle du corps féminin : le Nouvel Empire égyptien, Praxitèle et ses héritiers, les vierges gothiques, la vierge de l?Annonciation de Simone Martini et la grande série des nus couchés qu?inaugure Giorgione : Titien, Velasquez, Goya, Manet,Gauguin, Picasso?

Femmes, mythologies

COLLECTIF

SOLLERS, PHILIPPE

Christin, Anne-Marie

Actes-sud

Qui a Peur de l'Archeologie ?: La France Face a Son Passe (French Edition)

Schnapp, Alain

Archaeology

Les Belles Lettres

Forty years after her original exploration, Sophie Calle returns during lockdown to an abandoned Hôtel du Palais d'Orsay 
Between 1978 and 1981, Sophie Calle went on a clandestine exploration of the then abandoned Hôtel du Palais d'Orsay. She selected room 501 as her home and without any preestablished method, set about photographing the abandoned hotel over five years. As she explored, she picked up items she found: customer reception cards, old telephones, diaries, messages addressed to a certain “Oddo” and more. Now, more than 40 years later, room 501 has disappeared and an elevator has taken its place. At the invitation of Donatien Grau, the Musée d’Orsay curator, Calle returned, equipped with a flashlight, to explore the site again during the lockdown period. She hunted down the ghosts of the Palais d'Orsay, now connected to the present by the visitors that had also deserted the museum. The work reconstructs the artist’s archive of photography, letters, invoices and other daily items which bring a forgotten past back to life. To provide commentary on her discoveries, Sophie Calle enlisted the award-winning French archaeologist Jean-Paul Demoule, who writes a series of texts combining fact and fiction. All of this evidence has been assembled to create an art object that resembles an investigation notebook. 
Sophie Calle (born 1953) is an internationally renowned artist whose controversial works explore the tensions between the observed, the reported, the secret and the unsaid. She has mounted solo shows at major museums around the world and represented France at the Venice Biennale in 2007. She lives and works in Paris.

Sophie Calle & Jean-Paul Demoule: The Elevator Resides in 501

Arts & Photography

Individual Artists

Histoire de l'Europe Vol. 1: Origines et héritages. De la préhistoire au Ve siècle

Rossi, Lucia

Sebillotte Cuchet, Violaine

Pietrobelli, Antoine

Dan, Anca

PASSES COMPOSES

Le Trône de fer et les sciences

Landragin, Frédéric

Le Maître, Barbara

Lunt, Dan

Giner, Stephen

Belin

Les dix millénaires oubliés qui ont fait l'Histoire: Quand on inventa l'agriculture, la guerre et les chefs (Pluriel) (French Edition)

Europe

PLURIEL

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Books by Demoule, Jean-Paul