The United States has long maintained a strategic partnership with Turkey, a powerful NATO ally, as a central element of U.S. strategy in Eurasia and the Middle East. But Turkey's ties with its neighbors, the United States, and Europe have become strained in recent years. RAND researchers assess key challenges confronting the U.S.-Turkish partnership and advance recommendations to sustain it during what is likely to be a turbulent decade ahead.

Turkey's Nationalist Course: Implications for the U.S.-Turkish Strategic Partnership and the U.S. Army

History

Martini, Jeffrey

Costello, Katherine

Binnendijk, Anika

Flanagan, Stephen J.

Wilson, Peter A.

Efron, Shira

Larrabee, F. Stephen

Hoobler, James

Kirchner, Magdalena

Nader, Alireza

Africa

RAND Corporation

This report provides an analytical framework for understanding allies’ willingness to contribute to a military response to Russian attacks on a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) member. We identify 13 factors that could influence allies’ decisionmaking, consider how decisionmaking may vary in the event of an unconventional attack, and propose steps to mitigate Russian influence attempts and increase NATO unity in the event of an attack.

An Attack Against Them All? Drivers of Decisions to Contribute to NATO Collective Defense

Americas

Gaining Competitive Advantage in the Gray Zon: Response Options for Coercive Aggression Below the Threshold of Major War

Hornung, Jeffrey W.

Mazarr, Michael J.

Morris, Lyle J.

Kepe, Marta

Pezard, Stephanie

Asia

For decades, Russia has used political, military, economic, informational, and clandestine tools to advance its goals of establishing a privileged sphere of influence in the Black Sea region and enhancing its capabilities for national defense and wider power projection. In this report, the authors review those tactics and identify elements of a Western strategy to protect mutual interests and counter Russian malign influence and aggression.

Russia, NATO, and Black Sea Security

Massicot, Dara

Reach, Clint

Chindea, Irina A.

Kirkwood, Geoffrey

In an occupation of Estonia, Latvia, or Lithuania, conventional military intervention by allies would be crucial for the Baltic countries to achieve national independence. But Baltic civilians could play a powerful role in their own defense by pursuing a resistance strategy that imposed costs on the occupier, secured allied support, denied political or economic consolidation, reduced capacity for repression, and expanded popular support.

Civilian-Based Resistance in the Baltic States: Historical Precedents and Current Capabilities

Europe

Alternative Futures Following a Great Power War: Volume 1, Scenarios, Findings, and Recommendations

Computers & Technology

Priebe, Miranda

Frederick, Bryan

Mueller, Karl P.

Clark, Asha

Evans, Alexandra T.

Pillion, Stephanie Anne

Cooper III, Cortez A.

Benkowski, James

Networking & Cloud Computing

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Books by Binnendijk, Anika