China has been wielding increased influence and soft power in both the Freely Associated States of the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, and Palau, as well as the broader region of Oceania. The authors of this report examine the implications of these activities for the United States, particularly in terms of its defense and foreign policy interests.

America's Pacific Island Allies: The Freely Associated States and Chinese Influence (National Defense Reseatch Institute)

Business & Money

Hornung, Jeffrey W.

Chase, Michael S.

Grossman, Derek

Ma, Logan

Shih, Alice

Finin, Gerard

Gregson, Wallace

Reimer, Jordan R.

Economics

RAND Corporation

Gaining Competitive Advantage in the Gray Zon: Response Options for Coercive Aggression Below the Threshold of Major War

History

Mazarr, Michael J.

Morris, Lyle J.

Binnendijk, Anika

Kepe, Marta

Pezard, Stephanie

Asia

U.S. allies and partners in the Indo-Pacific have been broadening and deepening their defense ties with regional partners over the past two decades. This report highlights the extent to which these initiatives are a response to the perceived threat of a rising, assertive China; points out the importance of understanding the motivations involved in expanding regional security partnerships; and highlights key areas for building partner capacity.

The Thickening Web of Asian Security Cooperation: Deepening Defense Ties Among U.S. Allies and Partners in the Indo-Pacific

Smith, Jeffrey

Harding, Brian

Harold, Scott W.

Smith, Meagan L.

Poling, Gregory

In this report, RAND researchers identify eight common characteristics of gray zone aggression, develop a framework for assessing the health of U.S. and partner deterrence in the gray zone, and apply the framework to three case studies: China's actions in the Senkaku Islands, Russia?s actions in the Baltic states, and North Korea's actions in South Korea.

What Deters and Why: Applying a Framework to Assess Deterrence of Gray Zone Aggression

Cheravitch, Joe

Some of the United States' most powerful and trustworthy allies are its European partners and Japan. This report presents the results of a RAND Corporation study examining how Japan, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and three European states--the United Kingdom, France, and Germany--are increasingly cooperating in the security domain amid growing strategic competition. The author provides recommendations for fostering partner efforts.

Allies Growing Closer: Japan–Europe Security Ties in the Age of Strategic Competition

Americas

How are state adversaries using disinformation on social media to advance their interests? What does the joint force?and the U.S. Air Force in particular?need to be prepared to do in response? Disinformation campaigns on social media pose a nuanced threat to the United States, but the response remains ad hoc and uncoordinated. This series overview presents recommendations to better prepare for this new age of information warfare.

Combating Foreign Disinformation on Social Media: Study Overview and Conclusions

Demus, Alyssa

Cohen, Raphael S.

Schwille, Michael

Beauchamp-Mustafaga, Nathan

Jun, Jenny

Treyger, Elina

Vest, Nathan

Reference

Given rising tensions between the United States and China, understanding how the People?s Liberation Army thinks about the use of disinformation campaigns on social media has emerged as an important question. The authors of this report identify key Chinese practices and the supporting infrastructure and conditions that such campaigns require to be successful, concluding that China is using Taiwan as a test bed for developing attack vectors.

Chinese Disinformation Efforts on Social Media (Combating Foreign Disinformation on Social Media)

Ground-Based Intermediate-Range Missiles in the Indo-Pacific: Assessing the Positions of U.S. Allies

Competition in the Gray Zone: Countering China?s Coercion Against U.S. Allies and Partners in the Indo-Pacific

BLANK, Jonah

McClintock, Bruce

Chambers, Jason

Lin, Bonny

Schwindt, Karen

Garafola, Cristina L.

P. Moroney, Jennifer D.

Orner, Paul

Borrman, Dennis

Sarah W. Denton

Like-Minded Allies?: Indo-Pacific Partners’ Views on Possible Changes in the U.S. Relationship with Taiwan (Research Report: National Security Research Division)

Priebe, Miranda

Rooney, Bryan

Hulme, Patrick

Tamaki, Nobuhiko

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