Electromagnetic Absorption in the Copper Oxide Superconductors (Selected Topics in Superconductivity)

In 1987 a major breakthrough occurred in materials science. A new family of materials was discovered that became superconducting above the temperature at which nitrogen gas liquifies, namely, 77 K or –196°C. Within months of the discovery, a wide variety of experimental techniques were brought to bear in order to measure the properties of these materials and to gain an understanding of why they superconduct at such high temperatures. Among the techniques used were electromagnetic absorption in both the normal and the superconducting states. The measurements enabled the determination of a wide variety of properties, and in some instances led to the observation of new effects not seen by other measu- ments, such as the existence of weak-link microwave absorption at low dc magnetic fields. The number of different properties and the degree of detail that can be obtained from magnetic field- and temperature-dependent studies of electromagnetic abso- tion are not widely appreciated. For example, these measurements can provide information on the band gap, critical fields, the H–T irreversibility line, the amount of trapped flux, and even information about the symmetry of the wave function of the Cooper pairs. It is possible to use low dc magnetic field-induced absorption of microwaves with derivative detection to verify the presence of superconductivity in a matter of minutes, and the measurements are often more straightforward than others. For example, they do not require the physical contact with the sample that is necessary when using four-probe resistivity to detect superconductivity.

Science & Math

Poole Jr., Charles P.

Owens, Frank J.

Physics

Kluwer Academic

Grometstein explains modern physics with enthusiasm, wit and insight. As he presents the usual milestones in the history of modern physics, his central focus is the historical debate regarding the nature of light: is it a particle or is it a wave? This book will be read by generations of students in physical science who seek a well written discussion of these important issues. Grometstein includes material which is quite recent, thus making the present volume particularly useful.

The Roots of Things: Topics in Quantum Mechanics

History

Grometstein, Alan A.

Americas

In recent years increased scientific attention has been given to immediate defense mechanisms based on non-clonal recognition of microbial components. These mechanisms constitute the innate immunity arm of the body s defense. Identification of pathogens by these mechanisms involves primarily receptors recognizing sugar moieties of various microorganisms. Innate immunity based mechanisms are essential for the existence of multicellular organisms. They are evolutionarily conserved and designed to provide immediate protection against microbial pathogens to eradicate infection. Activation of innate immunity is crucial for transition to specific immunity and for its orientation, and to assist the specific immune response in the recognition of pathogens and their destruction. Innate immunity is regularly involved in the arrest of bacterial, mycotic, viral and parasitic infections, giving the specific immune response time to become effective. It becomes critically essential in immunocompromised patients who fail to mount specific immune responses due to congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies as a result of chemotherapy, dialysis, immunosuppressive drugs, or HIV infection. The Innate Immunity arsenal constitutes polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes, mast cells, the complement system, Natural Killer cells, antimicrobial peptides, and presumably a subset of T lymphocytes with TCRl receptors.

The Biology and Pathology of Innate Immunity Mechanisms (ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY Volume 479) (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 479)

Biological Sciences

This volume is the proceedings from the Swiss Society for Neuropathology XVIIIth International Winter Meeting on Neuropathology and Genetics of Dementia, held March 23-26, 2000, in St. Moritz, Switzerland.  For more than 35 years the Swiss Society of Neuropathology has organised its traditional International Winter Meeting, whose main aim is to bring together neuropathologists and clinicians as well as neuroscientists interested in disease mechanisms. The topic of the 2000 Meeting was Neuropathology and Genetics of Dementia. A programme of invited plenary lectures of high educational value as well as platform and poster presentations given by many participants covered the broad spectrum of dementing disorders. Encouraged by the high standard of the meeting, and probably also influenced by the advent of a new Millennium, it was decided to publish the Proceedings of the 2000 Meeting in the present book.

Neuropathology and Genetics of Dementia (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Volume 487)

Health, Fitness & Dieting

Mental Health

Oxygen sensing: molecule to man

Sukhamay Lahiri

Nanduri R. Prabhakar

Robert E. Forster

Introduction to parallel processing: algorithms and architectures

Behrooz Parhami

The International Symposium on Computational &amp; Applied PDEs was held at Zhangjiajie National Park of China from July 1-7, 2001. The main goal of this conference is to bring together computational, applied and pure mathematicians on different aspects of partial differential equations to exchange ideas and to promote collaboration. Indeed, it attracted a number of leading scientists in computational PDEs including Doug Arnold (Minnesota), Jim Bramble (Texas A &amp; M), Achi Brandt (Weizmann), Franco Brezzi (Pavia), Tony Chan (UCLA), Shiyi Chen (John Hopkins), Qun Lin (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Mitch Luskin (Minnesota), Tom Manteuffel (Colorado), Peter Markowich (Vienna), Mary Wheeler (Texas Austin) and Jinchao Xu (Penn State); in applied and theoretical PDEs including Weinan E (Princeton), Shi Jin (Wisconsin), Daqian Li (Fudan) and Gang Tian (MIT). It also drew an international audience of size 100 from Austria, China, Germany, Hong Kong, Iseael, Italy, Singapore and the United States. The conference was organized by Yunqing Huang of Xiangtan University, Jinchao Xu of Penn State University, and Tony Chan of UCLA through ICAM (Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics) of Xiangtan university which was founded in January 1997 and directed by Jinchao Xu. The scientific committee of this conference consisted of Randy Bank of UCSD, Tony Chan of UCLA, K. C.

Recent Progress in Computational and Applied PDEs:  Conference Procedings for the International Conference Held in Zhangjiajie in July 2001

Mathematics

Global Science Literacy

V. J. Mayer

The Foraminifera constitute the most diverse group of shelled microorganisms in modern seas. This book, designed as an unusually wide-ranging, authoritative, graduate text, deals with the systematics, cell biology, chamber construction, biogeography, ecology, shell geochemistry, and taphonomy of these fascinating protists. The chapter authors are recognized experts in their fields. The main theme concerns large-scale and small-scale patterns of species distributions and the environmental processes that affect these patterns. Critical first principles, whether derived from biology, chemistry, or geology, are carefully explained. Audience: Apart from meeting the requirements of courses in foraminiferal ecology, the book will serve well as the major reference in a general course on Foraminifera or one on foraminiferal paleoecology. It will be of great value to graduate students, and also to professionals who are interested in using the sedimentary record of foraminiferal species to answer environmental, paleoenvironmental, or paleoceanographical questions.

Modern Foraminifera

Gupta, Barun K. Sen (Editor)

Lattice-Ordered Groups: Advances and Techniques

Crafts, Hobbies & Home

Gardening & Landscape Design

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