Ideal Commonwealths

Henry Morley was Professor of English at University College in London. The Introduction begins with these wise words from Plato. "it is the aim of Individual Man as of the State to be wise, brave and temperate. In a State, he says, there are three orders, the Guardians, the Auxiliaries, the Producers. Wisdom should be the special virtue of the Guardians; Courage of the Auxiliaries; and Temperance of all. These three virtues belong respectively to the Individual Man, Wisdom to his Rational part; Courage to his Spirited; and Temperance to his Appetitive: while in the State as in the Man it is Injustice that disturbs their harmony." Essays included in this work are Plutarch's Lycurgus, More's Utopia, Bacon's New Atlantis, Campanella"s City of the Sun, and part of Hall's Mundus Alter et Idem.