Cities in developing countries are experiencing unprecedented urban growth. Unfortunately, this is often accompanied by the negative impacts of sprawl as a result of rapid motorization such as congestion, air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, inefficient use of energy and time, and unequal accessibility. As these cities are often under severe fiscal constraints, they face great challenges in financing capital-intensive mass transit systems to reverse the course of these negative trends. Development-based land value capture (DBLVC) financing schemes being practiced in Asian megacities like Hong Kong SAR, China, and Tokyo have helped them not only to generate funds for transit investment and operational and maintenance costs but also to promote sustainable urban development through transit-oriented development (TOD). Many rapidly growing cities in developing countries have the conditions for introducing DBLVC – namely, strong economic growth, rising real incomes and increased motorization and congestion levels – all of which cause land value appreciation within proximity of transit stations or corridors. If adapted well to local contexts, DBLVC schemes have great potential to become an important strategic apparatus of urban finance and planning for cities in developing countries. Through a careful analysis of various case studies, this book provides strategies, policies, and methodologies that policy makers and practitioners can apply in developing their own DBLVC schemes for transit financing.

Financing Transit-Oriented Development with Land Values: Adapting Land Value Capture in Developing Countries (Urban Development)

Business & Money

Murakami, Jin

Suzuki, Hiroaki

Hong, Yu-Hung

Tamayose, Beth

Economics

World Bank Publications

This report reviews airport system development in Asian megacities and provides policy recommendations to support cities' economic competitiveness, growth, and sustainability. The report looks at how airport system development can affect cities' spatial configuration and economic productivity, and draws on case studies from Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, the People's Republic of China, and Viet Nam. It assesses multi-airport formations, airport relocation, ground transportation, and land planning. The report highlights the importance of multilevel governance in ensuring the development of dynamic airport systems that support the growth and sustainability of the region's megacities.

Developing Airport Systems in Asian Cities: Spatial Characteristics, Economic Effects, and Policy Implications

Kato, Hironori

Asian Development Bank

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Books by Murakami, Jin