If you stand today in the middle of Gloucester, you’ve stood above 2,000 years of accumulated history. You stand above a Roman fortress, a proud colonial city, a Saxon royal centre, a prosperous medieval market town, a Roundhead bastion and an expanding Victorian industrial hub. Over the last 50 years local artist and historian Philip Moss has been recreating those Gloucesters of the past in a series of beautiful and well-researched reconstruction drawings and paintings. For the first time, the complete body of Philip’s work has been collected together to tell the story of Gloucester from its Roman beginnings to the present. Philip’s work is accompanied original photographs and drawings from archaeological excavations in Gloucester over the last 50 years and commentary from Andrew Armstrong, the City Archaeologist, to tell the story of Gloucester's past.

Gloucester: Recreating the Past

Politics & Social Sciences

Moss, Philip

Armstrong, Andrew

for the Gloucester History Festival

Archaeology

The History Press

This is a book about the fishing industry in New England―its structure, its work, and the way it adjusts to change. It documents the recent economic experience of one of America's oldest industries, on that has recently been at the center of well-publicized boundary and trade disputes. The study blends customary sources of economic data with field interviews, original survey material, and analyses of economic institutions to provide a timely picture of the industry and its problems. This close examination reveals a rich array of adjustment mechanisms. Of particular interest is the contrast between capitalist, collective bargaining, and kinship practices governing jobs and income in the industry. The authors also present new data on the skills, job attachment, and economic options of workers in key New England ports, particularly Gloucester and New Bedford. The fishing industry is concentrated in economically fragile ports, and the authors show the importance of a strong fishing industry and a growth economy for easing adjustment problems. The study develops a set of innovative recommendations for fisheries management and addresses policies for promoting stabilization and growth in port economies.

The New England Fishing Economy: Jobs, Income, and Kinship

Business & Money

Doeringer, Peter B.

Terkla, David

Economics

University of Massachusetts Press

Stories Employers Tell: Race, Skill, and Hiring in America (Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality)

Is the United States justified in seeing itself as a meritocracy, where stark inequalities in pay and employment reflect differences in skills, education,and effort? Or does racial discrimination still permeate the labor market, resulting in the systematic under hiring and underpaying of racial minorities, regardless of merit? Throughout the 1980s and early 1990s African Americans have lost ground to whites in the labor market, but this widening racial inequality is most often attributed to economic restructuring, not the racial attitudes of employers. It is argued that the educational gap between blacks and whites, though narrowing, carries greater penalties now that we are living in an era of global trade and technological change that favors highly educated workers and displaces the low-skilled.
Stories Employers Tell demonstrates that this conventional wisdom is incomplete. Racial discrimination is still a fundamental part of the explanation of labor market disadvantage. Drawing upon a wide-ranging survey of employers in Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, and Los Angeles, Moss and Tilly investigate the types of jobs employers offer, the skills required, and the recruitment, screening and hiring procedures used to fill them. The authors then follow up in greater depth on selected employers to explore the attitudes, motivations, and rationale underlying their hiring decisions, as well as decisions about where to locate a business.
Moss and Tilly show how an employer's perception of the merit or suitability of a candidate is often colored by racial stereotypes and culture-bound expectations. The rising demand for soft skills, such as communication skills and people skills, opens the door to discrimination that is rarely overt, or even conscious, but is nonetheless damaging to the prospects of minority candidates and particularly difficult to police. Some employers expressed a concern to race-match employees with the customers they are likely to be dealing with. As more jobs require direct interaction with the public, race has become increasingly important in determining labor market fortunes. Frequently, employers also take into account the racial make-up of neighborhoods when deciding where to locate their businesses.
Ultimately, it is the hiring decisions of employers that determine whether today's labor market reflects merit or prejudice. This book, the result of years of careful research, offers us a rare opportunity to view the issue of discrimination through the employers' eyes.
A Volume in the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality

Tilly, Chris

Russell Sage Foundation

Is the United States justified in seeing itself as a meritocracy, where stark inequalities in pay and employment reflect differences in skills, education,and effort? Or does racial discrimination still permeate the labor market, resulting in the systematic under hiring and underpaying of racial minorities, regardless of merit? Throughout the 1980s and early 1990s African Americans have lost ground to whites in the labor market, but this widening racial inequality is most often attributed to economic restructuring, not the racial attitudes of employers. It is argued that the educational gap between blacks and whites, though narrowing, carries greater penalties now that we are living in an era of global trade and technological change that favors highly educated workers and displaces the low-skilled. Stories Employers Tell demonstrates that this conventional wisdom is incomplete. Racial discrimination is still a fundamental part of the explanation of labor market disadvantage. Drawing upon a wide-ranging survey of employers in Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, and Los Angeles, Moss and Tilly investigate the types of jobs employers offer, the skills required, and the recruitment, screening and hiring procedures used to fill them. The authors then follow up in greater depth on selected employers to explore the attitudes, motivations, and rationale underlying their hiring decisions, as well as decisions about where to locate a business. Moss and Tilly show how an employer's perception of the merit or suitability of a candidate is often colored by racial stereotypes and culture-bound expectations. The rising demand for soft skills, such as communication skills and people skills, opens the door to discrimination that is rarely overt, or even conscious, but is nonetheless damaging to the prospects of minority candidates and particularly difficult to police. Some employers expressed a concern to race-match employees with the customers they are likely to be dealing with. As more jobs require direct interaction with the public, race has become increasingly important in determining labor market fortunes. Frequently, employers also take into account the racial make-up of neighborhoods when deciding where to locate their businesses. Ultimately, it is the hiring decisions of employers that determine whether today's labor market reflects merit or prejudice. This book, the result of years of careful research, offers us a rare opportunity to view the issue of discrimination through the employers' eyes. A Volume in the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality

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