The purpose of this book is to offer, in reasonably short compass, an account of the clinical management of malignant blood disorders, and to review the development of present understanding of the cytobiology of these diseases, on which diagnostic and therapeutic practice is based. The last two decades have witnessed a remarkably rapid accumulation of knowledge in the biological field, with the use of modern scientific technology, including cytochemical and ultrastructural expansions of orthodox cytology; immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical application of cell and surface membrane antigen analysis, with particular benefit from the monoclonal antibody revolution; the development of effective banding methods for chromosomal identification and description, and further techniques for high resolution banding; the localization of viral and cellular oncogenes by in situ hybridisation of specific probes; and the cloning and expression of genes of biologically active substances such as interferons and interleukins. Increasing knowledge of cell dynamics and movements through the mitotic cycle in malignant cell populations, using autoradiography or flow cytometry, have helped in the design of new therapeutic approaches, less dependant on empirical trials than in the past. All these techniques, including the relevant methods of molecular biology, and the salient results pertinent to clinical practice, are broadly reviewed in chapter 1. The general and more detailed principles of therapeutic practice, including the nature, mechanisms of action and use of cytotoxic agents, the practical management of infectious and cytopenic complications and the use of supportive care, the techniques and value of allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation or peripheral stem cell rescue after intensive cytotoxic therapy, and the potential place of biological response modifiers and other new approaches are reivewed in chapter 2. The remaining six chapters deal respectively with acute leukaemias, chronic myeloproliferative states, chronic lymphoproliferative states, multiple myeloma and other differentiated B-cell malignancies, Hodgkin's disease, and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In each case the history, the development of classification, the incidence, aetiology and pathogenesis, and clinical aspects of onset, diagnosis, staging where appropriate, treatment, and course and prognosis are dealt with in sequence. In dealing with therapy particular emphasis is given to the large scale, multicentre trials which offer the best prospect of providing valid comparisons between competing protocols. With many of these we are especially familiar as they have been conducted in the UK or Italy. Throughout the book the authors have set out to integrate the clinical aspects and therapeutic approaches with the biological and functional concepts necessary for their understanding. At the same time, the intention has been to bridge the gap between the shorter textbooks of medicine or geneal haematology, which tend to devote a relatively restricted space to malignant blood disorders, and the more highly specialized and extensively referenced monographs on individual malignant diseases, often with multiple authorship. The former may be appropriate for the less adventurous undergraduate, and the latter for specialists and research workers - it is hoped that postgraduates training in clinical haematology or clinical oncology, as well s practising clinicians, may find this intermediate approach rewarding.

Hematological Oncology Clinical Practice

Hayhoe, F. G. J.

Quaglino, Dennis

Medical Books

Churchill/Livingstone

The second edition of this book, published in 1988, incorporated over four thousand new references to advances in cytochemical practice covering predominantly orthodox applications of chemical colour reactions in the direct demonstration of intracellular constituents, including a wide range of enzymes, but also dealing with the growing science of immunocytochemistry. During the years preceding the third edition certain refinements of standard cytochemical procedures, including improvements in quantitative methods and approaches, and some additional techniques of value, such as the important silver staining methods for nucleolar organizer regions, have been introduced and are described and discussed appropriately, but the main bulk of the 600 further new references now incorporated in this edition are concerned with the fields of immunocytochemistry and the still more recent but rapidly expanding science of hybridocytochemistry. The impact of immnocytochemistry in the study of haemic cells and especially in the differential diagnosis of subvariants of leukaemias, lymphomas and allied malignant states has warranted further considerable expansion of Chapter 3, where the general principles of immunocytochemistry are discussed, and Chapters 14 and 15, where the overall cytochemical findings in these neoplastic diseases are brought together. The increased use of flow cytofluorometric techniques to identify and separate components of mixed cell populations reacting with different surface antigen reactions, and the potential combination of DNA quantitation with such marker reactions, are discussed and illustrated. The development of antibodies, either polyclonal or monoclonal, against antigen epitopes resistant to standard fixation and embedding procedures used in histology has allowed the extension of surface marker discrimination from cell suspensions and smear preparations to formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded sections of bone marrow or lymph node biopsies, and the nature and result of such advances are discussed. The techniques of in situ hybridization (ISH), using the capacity of single nucleic acid chains to couple with complementary base pair sequences, have permitted the identification and localization of specific DNA or RNA sequences in morphologically intact cells or in chromosome spreads, and the development of molecular cloning methods provides a virtually unlimited range of nucleic acid probes to use in such analyses. The principles involved and the broad areas of application in haematological cytology and cytogenetics are described in a new section of Chapter 2, and referred to where relevant in later chapters.

Hematological Cytochemistry

An Atlas of Haematological Cytology

Basic Sciences

John Wiley&Sons

An atlas of haematological cytology (Wolfe medical atlases, 1)

Wolfe

The second edition of this atlas has been revised and greatly en-larged to take account of recent diagnostic advances in the field of haematology. It contains 750 color photomicrographs of common and less common cell types, and is intended to supplement the per-sonal study of preparations under the microscope. The photographs are grouped into five sections covering red cells and their precursors; nonerythroid cells of myeloid origin; lympho-cytes, plasma cells and their derivatives and precursors; miscella-neous cells of blood and marrow, including foreign cells and para-sites; and the imprint cytology of lymph nodes and spleen. Each section is preceded by a brief introduction, and an appendix pro-vides technical details of staining methods. The text accompanying the illustrations serves chiefly to identify the cells, but also gives explanations of certain unusual appearances and the cytochemical reactions where necessary. A Colour Atlas of Haematological Cytology will be useful to students of medicine and medical laboratory science, as well as to doctors and technicians specializing in the diagnosis of haematological disease.

A Colour Atlas of Haematological Cytology (Wolfe Medical Atlases)

Science & Math

Flemans, R.J.

Biological Sciences

CRC-Press

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