The second edition of Crude Oils: Their Sampling, Analysis, and Evaluation, sponsored by ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels and Lubricants, has been expanded from the original edition that appeared in 2010. The new edition includes 16 new ASTM methods and reviews of 79 revised methods. It is intended principally for those involved with the sampling, analysis, and use of crude oils after they are produced and stabilized. Methods and procedures are rapidly changing, requiring revision to existing methods from D56 D7482, and the standardization of new methods D7578 D8150. Modern data handling and advances in computerization allow highly detailed compositional analyses to be readily performed. More elemental analyses, especially for mercury, have been standardized, and more techniques for metal analyses are being introduced. Industry and governmental requirements for accurate and more detailed data are now required for crude oil transportation as they have been for decades with products. Shale-derived crude oil has driven improved sampling and analyses of vapor pressure. Detailed analyses in a shorter time frame have resulted in substantial method changes and development of synthetic assays that fill a gap between inspection and comprehensive assays. Rapid instrumental techniques incorporating automatic sampling and online analyses are seeing greater applications. However, many fundamental physical and chemical analyses recognized as established techniques are still used, as evidenced in salt analyses in which D3230 conductivity remains preferred over D6470 potentiometric titration. The established methods are discussed in this manual as well as those recently developed. The importance of sampling, quality control, and field methods are discussed. Adherence to a rigorous sampling protocol to ensure that samples represent the bulk material is essential. Likewise, quality assurance is considered from the limits of precision and accuracy defined in the test methods used. Inaccurate data can have severe financial and operational consequences. Field methods can provide data for quick decisions. Future analytical needs are discussed. This manual will continue to be an influential guide to the sampling, analysis, and evaluation of crude oil. The strategic importance of crude oil will last for years to come, and this manual helps measure its economic value.

Crude Oils: Their Sampling, Analysis, and Evaluation 2nd Edition

Harry Giles

Reference

ASTM International

When I started a school for our children with my wife, I knew almost nothing about preuniversity education. My education at the University level included English, religion, psychology, law, science, and mathematics.I had 12 years of University study, although most of my learning came from my private reading. Faced with what I did not know I had to answer, or find the answers to many questions: How did I get an IQ opf 195? How can one increase, if one ca, the IQ in all children; How can one educate children not only in the pitiful, limited deprival of education that characterizes our society; How can we educate them so that they all come mentally healthy? If we are educating them bilingually, or multilingually, how can this be done to a high level without stress; What are the best texts in English, or French, where are they from; What is the best time to start an enriched education; What are the best examining centers in English; From what countries do the best teachers come from; What are the most successful methodologies for teaching anything? What is the appropriate class size for superlearning; What is the best way to teach tolerance, love, and democracy; How can a child be persuaded to try beyond his normal skill level; What extra languages are most appropriate; What changes in curriculum are required to ensure that both boys, and girls are equally facile in all areas.

Lyric Love Poems

AuthorCentrix, Inc.

This work is a combination of research, applied research, and ultimate success. When I got into it, I was a university lecturer in three different areas. I knew nothing about preschool, primary school, or secondary school except that I had passed through them. I had wanted my psychologist wife to run the first bilingual school in Canada, but there were so many legal problems imposed by an uninformed ministry that I had to become headmaster as well as to continue to practice law to earn my livelihood and to subsidize the school in its dramatic growth. Since I knew how to research, I found out the best schools in the world, visited them, and adopted their procedures. I visited fourteen countries, studied the approaches of perhaps forty schools, was helped by the government of France, and ended up with one school that was probably the most successful academic school in the world. It dominated the Putnam University Level Mathematics Competition; beat every country in the world in the Chemistry and Physics Olympiads except Russia; and beat most of the European countries regularly, some every year. When the university professors chose the Canadian Olympiad teams, they almost always chose the students from the Toronto French School because they had covered 2–3 1/2 years of the program at the University of Toronto because I knew how to hire gifted teachers and because our programs were enriched beyond any that I knew of in the world. Because of my complex approaches and early academic intervention, all of the children had a boost in measured IQ. Unhappily, they dropped my ideas of teachers, dropped my psychological approaches, my learning methodologies, and neither of the two schools now even reach the Putnam or the Olympiad teams for any of their students and do not win regular national science fair gold medals or national mathematics competitions.

Nurturing Giftedness to Genius: How to Increase Your Intelligence

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Books by Harry Giles

See the best price to sell, buy, or rent books by Harry Giles. BookScouter helps to compare book prices from 25+ online bookstores and 30+ buyback vendors with a single search.

Crude Oils: Their Sampling, Analysis, and Evaluation 2nd Edition

Lyric Love Poems

Nurturing Giftedness to Genius: How to Increase Your Intelligence