Cross-border health care is a growing phenomenon in the European Union. When in need of medical treatment, patients increasingly act as informed consumers who claim the right to choose their own providers, including those beyond borders. They are supported and encouraged by factors such as the Internet and more internationally trained health professionals, and often motivated by dissatisfaction with health care provision in their home country. Some authorities and health insurers even contract with health care providers abroad or inform patients of such options. Cross-border health care also encompasses doctors and nurses, who train and work abroad and increasingly cooperate with colleagues abroad. In some cases, health services themselves cross borders―through telemedicine―or providers collaborate with financing institutions in other countries. This book explores these trends, looks at the legal framework and examines the legal uncertainties surrounding rights, access, reimbursement, quality and safety. It examines different approaches to these concerns and the methodologies used to ease or resolve them. The information and analysis presented mark an important step in the continuing debate on a legal framework for cross-border health care and will be of considerable use to policy-makers and those with an interest in key aspects of cross-border health care.

Cross-border Health Care in the European Union: Mapping and Analysing Practices and Policies (Observatory Studies Series, 22)

Figueras, J.

Wismar, Matthias

Palm, Willy

Ernst, K.

van Ginneken, E.

Health, Fitness & Dieting

World Health Organization

Health impact assessment (HIA) is a support tool for intersectoral decision- and policy-making. It is employed to assess the potential health consequences of pending decisions and it feeds this information back into the decision-making process. The book provides a detailed map of the use of HIA in Europe across a large range of sectors, including transport, environment, urban planning and agriculture, and at national, regional, and local levels. It also reviews the implementation and institutionalization of HIA with a specific focus on governance, financing, resource generation and delivery. The effectiveness of HIA is explored and analyzed in 17 case studies using a common analytical approach. The research also identifies factors contributing to the effectiveness of HIA. Overall, the book demonstrates that HIA can be effective. It also reveals the uneven development and incomplete institutionalization of HIA across Europe. The book is based on a European research project that received funding under the European Union Public Health Work Program. The research was led by the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and included research teams from 19 countries.

The Effectiveness of Health Impact Assessment: Scope and Limitations of Supporting Decision-making in Europe (A EURO Publication)

Business & Money

Blau, J.

Ernst, Kelly

Management & Leadership

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