This book is concerned with the type of unilateral declaration that arises when a state announces its intention to follow a certain future course of conduct. Such declarations are extremely common, as a look at the weekly headlines of any major newspaper will quickly reveal. Many of these declarations made at the highest level are, of course, extremely and vaguely expressed, and are far from possessing a tangible legal commitment. But others deliver a very clear message. For instance, the United States' April 2010 declaration on the future use of nuclear weapons, or Kosovo's declaration of independence pledging to, inter alia, follow to its last letter the Ahtisaari Plan, may be taken as two very recent and prominent examples of unilateral declarations at the international level. In looking at such declarations, this book raises, as well as answers, the question of the precise legal value of such pledges in the realm of public international law. However, while such state 'promises' are broadly accepted as existing in the international legal sphere, the legal framework for such promises turns out to be far from clear, despite the International Law Commission's Guiding Principles adopted in 2006. Indeed, the Principles left many vital issues unanswered, which is why this book's focus on the difficulties is particularly welcomed. This is the first book to present a comprehensive overview of the legal effect of promises by states in international law. It is based on a thorough examination of International Court of Justice case law, state practices, scholarly writings, and opinions within the International Law Commission. (Series: Studies in International Law - Vol. 37)

Promises of States under International Law (Studies in International Law)

Eckart, Christian

Foreign & International Law

Hart Publishing

<p>Contributions by Christian Eckart, Eleanor Heartney, Harry Philbrick, Osvaldo Romberg.</p>

Faith: The Impact of Judeo-Christian Religion on Art at the Millennium

Arts & Photography

Heartney, Eleanor

Romberg, Osvaldo

Collections, Catalogs & Exhibitions

The Aldrich Museum of Contemporary Art

<p>Color field art covers more acreage than you might expect. In this major reappraisal cataloguing an exhibition at the Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto, the definition is extended to include both contemporaneous works in media other than painting and recent iterations by younger artists. Thus, artists more often deemed Minimalist, such as Dan Flavin, Sol LeWitt, Fred Sandback and Robert Irwin, are seen as responding to ambitions expressed in color field painting, and contemporary works, such as those by Peter Halley and Polly Apfelbaum, resonate from proximity to masterworks from an earlier generation. Apfelbaum's Gun Club from 2002, for example, dances meaningfully with Helen Frankenthaler's Tutti Fruitti, 1966. In addition, you'll see how Morris Louis, Adolph Gottlieb, Barnett Newman, Mark Rothko, Milton Avery and Frank Stella can play on the same field with Odili Donald Odita, Christian Eckert and Charles Long with Stereolab. Curator David Moos and other leading scholars in the field, Sarah K. Rich and Robert Hobbs among them, add insightful commentary.</p>

The Shape Of Color: Excursions In Color Field Art, 1950-2005

Rubinstein, Raphaël

Hobbs, Robert

Moos, David

Cheetham, Mark

Rich, Sarah

History & Criticism

Art Gallery of Ontario

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