Scientific Investigation of Copies, Fakes and Forgeries

The faking and forgery of works of art and antiquities is probably now more extensive than ever before. The frauds are aided by new technologies, from ink jet printers to epoxy resins, and driven by the astronomic prices realised on the global market.\nThis book aims to provide a comprehensive survey of the subject over a wide range of materials, emphasising how the fakes and forgeries are produced and how they may be detected by technical and scientific examination. The subject is exemplified by numerous case studies, some turning out not to be as conclusive as is sometimes believed.\nThe book is aimed at those likely to have a serious interest in these investigations, be they curator, collector, conservator or scientist.\nPaul Craddock has recently retired from the Department of Conservation, Documentation and Science at the British Museum, where he was a materials scientist.

Arts & Photography

Craddock, Paul

History & Criticism

Routledge

The fabulous wealth of the Lydian Kingdom (in what is now western Turkey) was renowned throughout the classical world--in fact, Lydia's kings created the world's first coinage. The Harvard-Cornell Sardis Expedition has unearthed a gold refinery from the time of King Croesus (the sixth century B.C.) where impure gold from the Pactolus River was treated to produce pure gold and silver. Though the ancient treasure is now gone, this volume illuminates the industry and technology that produced the riches and offers the first authoritative survey of early gold refining and assaying techniques from around the world. The authors fully describe the excavation of the only known ancient refinery and the scientific study at the British Museum to reconstruct the refining process. The unique evidence from Sardis and accounts from historical sources shed light on ancient metallurgy.

King Croesus' Gold: Excavations at Sardis and the History of Gold Refining

Politics & Social Sciences

Ramage, Andrew

Archaeology

Archaeological Exploration of Sardis

Surface finishing is a major subject in the field of metals. The artistic and technical development of decorative or protective finishes has produced some distinctive classes of metalwork in different parts of the world. Metal Plating and Patination is the most important reference work to be published surveying the surface treatments used from the inception of metallurgy to the present day.

Metal Plating and Patination: Cultural, technical and historical developments

Crafts, Hobbies & Home

La-Niece, Susan

Antiques & Collectibles

Butterworth-Heinemann

Dowsing is an ancient skill that has been used since the times of the ancient Egyptians. In modern times it is used, to search for underground water and oil in order to subsequently drill wells. Additionally, to find people and lost objects, locate Earth Energies and Geopathic Stress, help solve health problems and much more.Dowsing has and is being used by the military, scientists, well drillers, water utility companies, health professionals and many others. Dowsing is the skill of finding what is hidden and obtaining information by training the body and subconscious mind. You could say that you develop psychic powers through the art of dowsing using tried and tested methods.The course in this book was originally written in 2004 as a Dowsing for Beginner's Home Study Course with tutor support. It has helped many now professional and well known Dowsers get started. This new revised and updated edition in book format still manages to cover more than you will learn over a two day Dowsing for Beginner's classroom course. Subject to availability, a paid tutor support option is also available. Topics include:*Using Rods and Pendulums for dowsing*Dowsing for health and the best food*Dowsing auras*Map dowsing*Water oil and mineral dowsing*Finding lost objects, people and pets*Earth Energies, Ley Lines and Geopathic stress*How to obtain the correct state of mind for dowsing *Introduction to alternative and advanced dowsing methods*How to progress with your new dowsing skillsYour tutor and author, Paul Craddock, is a registered professional Dowser with over 30 years' experience. He is a qualified Adult Education Tutor and has been teaching dowsing for over 25 years. He has run dowsing courses for Local Authority Adult Education and the British Society of Dowsers. By the end of this book if you follow the exercises, you should be able to use dowsing to help you in your chosen field or need in your personal or professional life.

Dowsing for Beginners: Home Study Course

Religion & Spirituality

Occult & Paranormal

Independently published

Paul Craddock's Spare Parts offers an original look at the history of medicine itself through the rich, compelling, and delightfully macabre story of transplant surgery from ancient times to the present day. How did an architect help pioneer blood transfusion in the 1660's? Why did eighteenth-century dentists buy the live teeth of poor children? And what role did a sausage skin and an enamel bath play in making kidney transplants a reality? We think of transplant surgery as one of the medical wonders of the modern world. But transplant surgery is as ancient as the pyramids, with a history more surprising than we might expect. Paul Craddock takes us on a journey - from sixteenth-century skin grafting to contemporary stem cell transplants - uncovering stories of operations performed by unexpected people in unexpected places. Bringing together philosophy, science and cultural history, Spare Parts explores how transplant surgery constantly tested the boundaries between human, animal, and machine, and continues to do so today. Witty, entertaining, and illuminating, Spare Parts shows us that the history - and future - of transplant surgery is tied up with questions about not only who we are, but also what we are, and what we might become.

Spare Parts: The Story of Medicine Through the History of Transplant Surgery

Health, Fitness & Dieting

Diseases & Physical Ailments

St.Martin's Press

In some places in Europe having a geopathic stress survey before buying a house is considered normal just as having a structural survey is to the rest of the world. Geopathic stress roughly translated means disease of the Earth. So places where you spend a lot of time such as where you live and work should be checked.    Geopathic stress can cause a number of different health problems, from feeling consistently tired, consistent ill-health, failure to respond to treatment and more serious problems such as cancer, ME and MS.   Electro-pollution caused by radio frequencies from Wi-Fi, mobile phone towers, mobile phones, cordless phones, smart meters and many other devices have also been reported to cause serious health problems such as cancer.   This book goes into detail about geopathic stress and electro-pollution but, more importantly, explains what to do about it and how to protect yourself and your family. Extraordinary self-help tools and techniques are explained, which include the author teaching you the ancient art of dowsing. Additionally, using muscle testing from the therapy known as kinesiology you will be shown how to check if there is a location or device that is having a detrimental effect on your health.   You will also be shown how to check the quality of your water and food so it can be optimised for the benefit of your health.  By time you have finished this book and worked through the tools and techniques shown you will have gained a significant ability to locate and protect yourself and others from the harmful effects of geopathic stress and electro-pollution. You will also have the ability to make sure you are eating and drinking the highest quality water and food.

Geopathic Stress & Electropolution: How to Protect Your Health & Home

CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform

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Books by Craddock, Paul