Solutions of the Examples in Higher Algebra (LaTeX Enlarged Edition)

This work forms a Key or Companion to the Higher Algebra, and contains full solutions of nearly all the Examples. In many cases more than one solution is given, while throughout the book frequent reference is made to the text and illustrative Examples in the Algebra. The work has been undertaken at the request of many teachers who have introduced the Algebra into their classes, and for such readers it is mainly intended; but it is hoped that, if judiciously used, the solutions may also be found serviceable by that large and increasing class of students who read Mathematics without the assistance of a teacher. In this edition, the entire manuscript was typeset in a bigger size font [10 pt : `DejaVu Serif'] (honoring readers' suggestions) using the LaTeX document processing system originally developed by Leslie Lamport, based on TeX typesetting system created by Donald Knuth. The typesetting software used the XeLaTeX distribution. We are grateful for this opportunity to put the materials into a consistent format, and to correct errors in the original publication that have come to our attention. Most of the hard work of preparing this edition was accomplished by Neeru Singh, who expertly keyboarded and edited the text of the original manuscript. She helped us put hundreds of pages of typographically difficult material into a consistent digital format. The process of compiling this book has given us an incentive to improve the layout, to doublecheck almost all of the mathematical rendering, to correct all known errors, to improve the original illustrations by redrawing them with Till Tantau's marvelous TikZ. Thus the book now appears in a form that we hope will remain useful for at least another generation. Table of Contents EXAMPLES I : Ratio EXAMPLES II : Proportion EXAMPLES III : Variation EXAMPLES IV : Arithmetical Progression EXAMPLES V : Geometrical Progression EXAMPLES VI : Harmonical Progression EXAMPLES VII : Scales of Notation EXAMPLES VIII : Surds and Imaginary Quantities EXAMPLES IX : The Theory of Quadratic EXAMPLES X : Miscellaneous Equations EXAMPLES XI : Permutations and Combinations EXAMPLES XIII : Binomial Theorem Positive Integral Index EXAMPLES XIV : Binomial Theorem. Any Index EXAMPLES XV : Multinomial Theorem EXAMPLES XVI : Logarithms EXAMPLES XVII : Exponential and Logarithmic Series EXAMPLES XVIII : Interest and Annuities EXAMPLES XIX : Inequalities EXAMPLES XX : Limiting Values and Vanishing Fractions EXAMPLES XXI : Convergency and Divergency of Series EXAMPLES XXII : Undetermined Coefficients EXAMPLES XXIII : Partial Fractions EXAMPLES XXIV : Recurring Series EXAMPLES XXV : Continued Fractions EXAMPLES XXVI : Indeterminate Equations of the First Degree EXAMPLES XXVII : Recurring Continued Fractions EXAMPLES XXVIII : Indeterminate Equations of the Second Degree EXAMPLES XXIX : Summation of Series EXAMPLES XXX : Theory of Numbers EXAMPLES XXXI : The General Theory of Continued Fractions EXAMPLES XXXII : Probability EXAMPLES XXXIII : Determinants EXAMPLES XXXIV : Miscellaneous Theorems and Examples EXAMPLES XXXV : Theory of Equations MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES