Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies: The Bottom Billions and Business Creation (Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship)

Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies: The Bottom Billions and Business Creation examines the extent to which "the poor" are already involved in business creation and the nature of the ventures they pursue to understanding how to assist developing nations grow their economies. The assessment uses a unique data source from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor [GEM] program that has only recently become available. The assessment has five components. 1. Review the procedure used to identify the "bottom billions" including their global distribution and personal characteristics. 2. Review the relationship of different levels of daily income with participation in two initial stages of the firm life cycle - nascent entrepreneurs in the pre-profit or start-up stage and owner-managers of new firms. 3. Examine the personal characteristics of those active in business creation and the effect of personal characteristics on the tendency to become involved in business. 4. Review the major features of these ventures and firms - type of the business activity, orientation toward job creation, operating in high technology sectors, expecting a market impact, and export sales. 5. Identify the national features and individual characteristics systematically associated with participation in business creation. Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies: The Bottom Billions and Business Creation concludes by providing an overview of the major patterns and explores selected policy implications.