Naval Policy Between the Wars: II: The Period of Reluctant Rearmament, 1930-1939

First published in 1968 and 1976, the two volumes of this work still constitute the only authoritative study of the broad geo-political, economic and strategic factors behind the inter-war development of the Royal Navy and, to a great extent, that of its principal rival, the United States Navy. Stephen Roskill conceived Naval Policy Between the Wars as a peacetime equivalent of the official naval histories, filling the gap between the First World War volumes and his own study of the Navy in the Second World War. As such, it is marked by the extensive use of British and American sources, from which Roskill extracted shrewd and balanced conclusions that have stood the test of time.

Picking up the story in 1930, this volume covers the rise of the European dictatorships alongside continuing attempts at controlling arms expenditure through diplomacy and treaties. Eventually, Italian, German, and indeed Japanese aggression diminished the prospects for peace, to the point where Britain felt forced to rearm. The Navy's use of the precious few years leading up to the outbreak of war is a crucial section of the book and forms a fitting conclusion to this important study of the inter-war years.