William Tecumseh Sherman and the Settlement of the West

William Tecumseh Sherman and the Settlement of the West by Robert G. Athearn N ORMAN University of Oklahoma Press FOR CLAIRE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Contrary to the information carried on the title page, this book is not the work of one person. There are many hidden partners in such a project, and credit should go to them. First and fore most, thanks for assistance are due the Social Science Research Council. Without its financial support, the extensive travel re quired to gather material could not have been undertaken. The University of Colorado, through its Council on Research and Creative Work, rendered additional aid. Criticizing and correcting the manuscripts of a fellow laborer in the field comprise yet another of the many additional duties loaded onto my colleagues in the profession. To William Newell Davis, Jr., California State Archives Professor Earl Pomeroy, Department of History, University of Oregon Professor Robert E. Riegel, Dartmouth College and Professor Hal Bridges, De partment of History, University of Colorado, I offer an expres sion of deep appreciation for their time, patience, and talent. The late Professor Carl Coke Rister, Department of History, Texas Technological College, Lubbock, Texas, gave valuable suggestions and pointed the way to additional materials. Wayne D. Overholser, of Boulder, Colorado, lent some of his knowledge gained through years of successful writing. The willing and enthusiastic assistance rendered by staff mem bers in a number of libraries and archives is gratefully acknowl edged. C. Percy Powell, Division of Manuscripts, Library of Con gress, and Richard G. Wood, War Records Branch, National Ar chives, both of Washington, D. C., were extremely helpful. Harry E. Pratt, Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield, Illinois Colton Storm, William L. Clements Library, University of Mich igan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Watt P. Marchman, Hayes Me-VII Sherman and the Settlement of the West morial Library, Fremont, Ohio and Elizabeth C. Biggert, Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, Columbus, Ohio, all provided extremely useful manuscript material that enriched the study considerably. From the following directors, staff members, and libraries, I received the fullest co-operation Nyle H. Miller, Kansas State Historical Society Charles Van Ravenswaay, Missouri Historical Society St. Louis Margaret Rose, State Historical Society of North Dakota James C. Olson, Nebraska State Historical So ciety Claude R. Cooke, Iowa State Department of History and Archives Arthur H. Parsons, Omaha Public Library Gertrude McDevitt, Historical Department of Idaho A. R. Mortensen, Utah State Historical Society Lola M. Homsher and Henryetta Berry, Wyoming State Archives and Historical Department Caroline Wenzel, California State Library Elizabeth Tindall, St. Louis Mercantile Library Edward B. Morrison, Division of Manuscripts, New York Public Library Dorothy C. Barck, New York Historical Society K. Ross Toole, Historical Society of Montana Mulford Winsor, Arizona Department of Library and Archives Ina T. Aulls, Alys Freeze, and Opal Harber, Denver Public Library George P. Hammond, Bancroft Library, Univer sity of California Agnes Wright Spring, State Historical Society of Colorado Eugene H. Wilson, University of Colorado Library Archibald Hanna, Western Americana Collection, Yale Univer sity and the staff at Chicagos Newberry Library. Others who lent their skills or materials for the volume are Mr. Victor D. Spark of New York City Burton Harris Virginia Brasel Grieder and Professor Isaac Bacon. The maps were drawn by William A. Greig, Barbara Dumont Samsel, and Pamela Wilson, under the direction of Professor Albert W. Smith, Department of Geography, University of Colo rado. Some of the material used in writing this book has appeared in article form in The Pacific Historical Review, The Mississippi Valley Historical Review, and Montana, The Magazine of West ern History...