Biology Volume 3: Exploring the Diversity of Life, 3rd Edition

About the Author\nPaul E. Hertz was born and raised in New York City. He received a B.S. in Biology from Stanford University in 1972, an A.M. in Biology from Harvard University in 1973, and a Ph.D. in Biology from Harvard University in 1977. While completing field research for the doctorate, he served on the Biology faculty of the University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras. After two years as an Isaac Walton Killam Postdoctoral Fellow at Dalhousie University, Paul accepted a teaching position at Barnard College, where he has taught since 1979. He was named Ann Whitney Olin Professor of Biology in 2000, received The Barnard Award for Excellence in Teaching in 2007, and was named Claire Tow Professor of Biology in 2016. In addition to serving on numerous college committees, Paul chaired Barnard’s Biology Department for eight years and served as Acting Provost and Dean of the Faculty from 2011 to 2012. He was the founding Program Director of the Hughes Science Pipeline Project at Barnard, an undergraduate curriculum and research program that was funded continuously by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute from 1992 until 2016. The Pipeline Project included the Intercollegiate Partnership, a program for local community college students that facilitated their transfer to four-year colleges and universities. He teaches one semester of the introductory sequence for Biology majors and pre-professional students, lecture and laboratory courses in vertebrate zoology and ecology, and seminars that introduce first-year students to scientific research. Paul is an animal physiological ecologist with a specific research interest in the thermal biology of lizards. He has conducted fieldwork in the West Indies since the mid-1970s, focusing on the lizards of Cuba and Puerto Rico. His work has been funded by the NSF, and he has published his research in THE AMERICAN NATURALIST, ECOLOGY, NATURE, OECOLOGIA, and PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY.\nBeverly McMillan has been a science writer for more than 30 years and holds undergraduate and graduate degrees from the University of California, Berkeley. In addition to her work on this textbook, she has coauthored eleven editions of a human biology text and written or coauthored numerous trade books on scientific subjects and natural history. She has also worked extensively as a content developer and editorial manager in educational and commercial publishing, including co-publishing ventures with Yale University Press, the Smithsonian Institution, the U.S. National Park Service and other partners.\nM.B. (Brock) Fenton received his Ph.D. in 1969 for work in the ecology and behaviour of bats. Since then he has held academic positions at Carleton University (Ottawa, Canada 1969 to 1986), York University (Toronto, Canada 1986 to 2003) and the University of Western Ontario (2003 to present). He has published over 200 papers in refereed journals (most of them about bats), as well as numerous nontechnical contributions. He has written three books about bats intended for a general audience (Just bats 1983, University of Toronto Press; Bats 1992 - revised edition 2001 Facts On File Inc; and The bat: wings in the night sky 1998, Key Porter Press). He has supervised the work of 46 M.Sc. Students and 22 Ph.D. students who have completed their degrees. He currently supervises 5 M.Sc. students and 2 Ph.D. students. He continues his research on the ecology and behaviour of bats, with special emphasis on echolocation. He currently is an Emeritus Professor of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.\n(Ph.D., University of Guelph) joined the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Calgary in a faculty position that places emphasis on teaching and teaching-related scholarship. In addition to teaching introductory biology classes and an upper-level mycology class, she has led the development of investigative labs and the introduction of peer-assisted learning groups in large biology and ch