Various editions of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles have served as the Employment Service's basic tool for matching workers and jobs. The Dictionary of Occupational Titles has also played an important role in establishing skill and training requirements and developing Employment Service testing batteries for specific occupations. However, the role of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles has been called into question as a result of planned changes in the operation of the Employment Service.  A plan to automate the operations of Employment Service offices using a descriptive system of occupational keywords rather than occupational titles has led to a claim that a dictionary of occupational titles and the occupational research program that produces it are outmoded. Since the automated keyword system does not rely explicitly on defined occupational titles, it is claimed that the new system would reduce costs by eliminating the need for a research program to supply the occupational definitions.  In light of these considerations, the present volume evaluates the future need for the Dictionary of Occupational Titles.

Work, Jobs, and Occupations: A Critical Review of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles

Reference

Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education

Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education

National, Research Council

Committee on Occupational Classification and Analysis

Dictionaries & Thesauruses

National Academies Press

Alcohol and Public Policy: Beyond the Shadow of Prohibition

Health, Fitness & Dieting

Assembly of Behavioral and Social Sciences

Committee on Substance Abuse and Habitual Behavior

Panel on Alternative Policies Affecting the Prevention of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

Addiction & Recovery

Scientific reports by the National Academy Press on women, work and wages.

Women, Work, and Wages: Equal Pay for Jobs of Equal Value

Business & Money

Economics

Learning from Experience: Evaluating Early Childhood Demonstration Programs

Science & Math

Panel on Outcome Measurement in Early Childhood Demonstration Programs

Behavioral Sciences

Behavioral and Social Science Research: A National Resource specifies appropriate criteria for assessing the value, significance, and social utility of basic research in the social sciences. This report identifies illustrative areas of basic research in the social sciences that have developed analytic frameworks of high social utility and describes the development of these frameworks and their utilization. It also identifies illustrative areas of basic research in the social sciences that are likely to be of high value, significance, and/or social utility in the near future, reviews the current state of knowledge in these areas, and indicates research efforts needed to bring these areas to their full potential. Table of ContentsFront Matter1. Introduction2. The Nature and Methods of the Behavioral and Social Sciences3. Knowledge From the Behavioral and Social Sciences: Examples4. The Uses of Social and Behavioral Research5. The National Interest in the Support of Basic ResearchReferencesAppendix A: Contents of Part IIAppendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff

Behavioral and Social Science Research: A National Resource, Part I

Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences

Psychology & Counseling

Research on Sentencing: The Search for Reform, Volume I

Politics & Social Sciences

Committee on Research on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice

Panel on Sentencing Research

Social Sciences

Along with the widespread use of computers have come growing fears that working in front of video display terminals (VDTs) can irritate and even damage the eyes. Separating scientific fact from popular opinion, this report takes a critical look at the link between VDT use and eye discomfort and disease as well as at changes in visual performance and oculomotor function. Drawing on information from ergonomics, illuminating engineering, and industrial and organizational psychology, the report gives practical advice on optimal workstation design to improve the comfort, performance, and job satisfaction of VDT users. Table of Contents <ul>
<li>Front Matter</li>
<li>Executive Summary</li>
<li>1. Summary of Findings</li>
<li>2. Critique of Survey Methodology</li>
<li>3. Radiation Emissions and Their Effects</li>
<li>4. Display Characteristics</li>
<li>5. Lighting and Reflections</li>
<li>6. Anthropometry and Biomechanics in VDT Applications</li>
<li>7. Visual Tasks, Functions, and Symptoms</li>
<li>8. Job Design and Organizational Variables</li>
<li>9. Design, Practice, and Standards for VDT Equipment and Work</li>
<li>10. Research Needs</li>
<li>Appendix A: A Review of Methodology in Studies of Visual Functions</li>
<li>Appendix B: Review of a Preliminary Report on a Cross-Sectional Survey of VDT Users at the Baltimore Sun</li>
<li>Appendix C: Dissent</li>
<li>Appendix D: Biographical Sketches of Panel Members and Staff</li>
<li>References</li>
</ul>

Video Displays, Work, and Vision

Committee on Vision

Panel on Impact of Video Viewing on Vision of Workers

Rethinking Urban Policy: Urban Development in an Advanced Economy

Committee on National Urban Policy

Even though women have made substantial progress in a number of formerly male occupations, sex segregation in the workplace remains a fact of life. This volume probes pertinent questions: Why has the overall degree of sex segregation remained stable in this century? What informal barriers keep it in place? How do socialization and educational practices affect career choices and hiring patterns? How do family responsibilities affect women's work attitudes? And how effective is legislation in lessening the gap between the sexes? Amply supplemented with tables, figures, and insightful examination of trends and research, this volume is a definitive source for what is known today about sex segregation on the job. Table of Contents <ul>
<li>Front Matter</li>
<li>1. The Significance of Sex Segregation in the Workplace</li>
<li>2. Sex Segregation: Extent and Recent Trends</li>
<li>3. Explaining Sex Segregation in the Workplace</li>
<li>4. Reducing Sex Segregation in the Workplace</li>
<li>5. Findings and Recommendations</li>
<li>References</li>
<li>Appendix A: Contents, Sex Segregation in the Workplace</li>
<li>Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff</li>
<li>Index</li>
</ul>

Women's Work, Men's Work: Sex Segregation on the Job

In this provocative volume, distinguished authorities on urban policy expose the myths surrounding today's "infrastructure crisis" in urban public works. Five in-depth papers examine the evolution of the public works system, the limitations of urban needs studies, the financing of public works projects, the impact of politics, and how technology is affecting the types of infrastructures needed for tomorrow's cities. Table of Contents <ul>
<li>Front Matter</li>
<li>Introduction</li>
<li>1 The Evolution of the Urban Infrastructure in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries</li>
<li>2 Assessing Infrastructure Needs: The State of the Art</li>
<li>3 Financing the Nation's Infrastructure Requirements</li>
<li>4 Politics and Urban Public Facilities</li>
<li>5 The Future of Urban Public Works: New Ways of Doing Business</li>
<li>Appendix A: Program</li>
<li>Appendix B: Participants</li>
</ul>

Perspectives on Urban Infrastructure

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